The sun is a star, like billions of others that exist in the universe. A star is born from a cloud of hydrogen (also called a molecular nebula), which condenses and raises its temperature to the point where thermonuclear reactions occur, where four hydrogen atoms are transformed into one helium atom, releasing an enormous amount of energy.
Depending on the amount of matter in the molecular nebula, small stars can be formed that burn out when they run out of fuel for thermonuclear reactions, or giant stars that explode at the end of their life, throwing matter across a vast portion of the galaxy.
The sun is a second-generation star, that is, it was formed by the matter resulting from the explosion of a previous star that gave rise to the entire solar system, composed of the sun, the planets that orbit it (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune), as well as their moons, asteroids and comets. The sun is currently halfway through its life, and will gradually increase in temperature until it becomes a red giant star, before cooling down and becoming a white dwarf star.
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